Sosnovy Bor, Leningrad Oblast
Sosnovy Bor (Russian: Сосно́вый Бор, lit. pine forest) is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated on the Koporye Bay of the Gulf of Finland, 81 kilometers (50 mi) west of St. Petersburg. Population: 65,901 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 66,132 (2002 Census);[5] 55,800 (1989 Census).[6]
It was founded in 1958 as a settlement serving the Leningrad nuclear power plant and was granted town status in 1973. It can be reached from Saint Petersburg by suburban trains from the Baltiysky Station.
Industry and Research
Sosnovy Bor is known for its research institutes and construction industry. There are about five hundred large, medium, and small enterprises functioning in the town. In 2005, the working capital investment grew by 15%.
The most prominent organizations in Sosnovy Bor include:
- Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant
- NITI State-owner research facility mostly dedicated to development and testing of nuclear ships and submarines power plants.
- Nuclear waste disposal facility: branch of the state-owned "Russian Radioactive Waste" ("РосРАО")
- Former Branch of the State Optical Institution, now a separate "Research Institute for Complex Testing of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems" [1]
History
- 1958 Sosnovy Bor settlement is created
- 1961 A branch of the Leningrad Special Purpose Combine "Radon" was created. Today this is the state-owned corporation for collection, processing and long-term storage of radioactive waste.
- 1962 State Station tor testing of marine nuclear power plants was created as a branch of Kurchatov's Institute for Atomic Energy (IAE). In 1966 it became Scientific and Technological Research Institute (NITI in Russian)
- 1963 A branch of S. I. Vavilov's Sate Optical Institution was built.
- 1966 North Construction Administration (Russian Северное управление строительства, СУС) was created. It's major goal was building the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant.
- April 19, 1973 Sosnovy Bor settlement was converted into a township with regional status. This date is celebrated as city's birthday.
- December 23, 1973 The first reactor of Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant produced it's first power.
- 1981 The fourth reactor of the LNPP was started. LNPP became the largest world nuclear power plant (4 GW)
- 1996 Municipality of Sosnovy Bor was established. First mayor was elected.
Restricted Access
Due to high concentration of classified research facilities, nuclear energy industries and military installations Sosnovy Bor is formally a "closed" city with access only by special permit (except for people living there). In reality this regulation is not strict - permits are checked only on one of the roads entering the city from East. No restrictions are enforced on other roads and on the local trains.
Sport and Education
Town's educational facilities include fourteen kindergartens, eleven schools (two of them private), one children's shelter (state-subsidized boarding school for abandoned children), five secondary schools, one polytechnic lyceum, and three branches of Saint Petersburg-based universities.
107 sports organizations and eleven civil society organizations are registered in the town. Vladimir Goncharov, two-times Russian champion in pistol shooting, lives in Sosnovy Bor.
External links
- Town map
- All Sosnovy Bor - city's Yellow Pages (Russian): [2]
- Local news site (Russian): [3]
- Local newspaper (Russian): [4]
References
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.